Deep-Dive LLM Technology

Cutting-edge techniques from DeepSeek, Google, and the open-source frontier — explained with interactive 3D visualizations you can rotate, click, and explore.

Attention Efficiency
Multi-Head Latent Attention (MLA)
多头潜在注意力

How DeepSeek compresses the KV cache into a single latent vector — cutting memory 9× without losing quality. The signature architecture of DeepSeek-V2 and V3.

Advanced DeepSeek · KV Cache · RoPE
Inference Efficiency
KV Cache Quantization
KV 缓存量化

How FP8 and INT4 KV cache quantization halves serving memory, and the outlier-preservation tricks (KIVI, KVQuant) that prevent quality collapse at 4-bit.

Intermediate FP8 · INT4 · KIVI
Inference Acceleration
Speculative Decoding
投机解码

How a tiny draft model guesses tokens in bulk and a large model verifies them in one pass — 2-3× faster inference with mathematically zero quality loss.

Intermediate Draft Model · Rejection Sampling · Medusa
Long Context
Ring Attention
环形注意力

How million-token contexts are split across GPUs in a ring — each GPU computes attention on its shard while KV blocks circulate. Powers Llama 3 and Gemini's long context.

Advanced Context Parallelism · Multi-GPU · Flash Attention